Hiding your ideas in plain sight

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I recently read Shadi Bartsch‘s Plato Goes to China: The Greek Classics and Chinese Nationalism. The book’s topic is fascinating to me: the ways that modern Chinese intellectuals have taken up classical Greek philosophy. In some ways it made me feel oddly hopeful – that even under the totalitarian régime that has run China since 1989, it turns out that classical learning, even foreign classical learning, gets more respect than it does in the anti-intellectual United States. Unfortunately the book itself takes a highly unhelpful method of dealing with the topic: Bartsch spends a great deal of time telling you what’s wrong with the views of Chinese pro-government intellectuals. A Western audience really doesn’t need that: we’re already predisposed to be suspicious of that way of thinking. I wanted to learn about how the Chinese intellectuals themselves think – something I can’t get for myself, since my Chinese isn’t nearly good enough – and the book gives them very little time to speak in their own worlds.

But there was one thing the book sparked in me, which I don’t think was the author’s intent: an appreciation for the work of Leo Strauss.

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Don’t be an Ugly Canadian

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The No Kings protest on Boston Common on March 28 was the first time in a long time that I’ve been to a protest march. I was moved by the joyful spirit of defiance there, and I thought especially of the Canadian anti-American anger that I wrote about a couple weeks before. I was moved to make a short video – amateurish by TikToker standards, no doubt, but sincere – aimed at Canadians, reminding them that we left-leaning Americans are as alarmed by Trump as they are. I shared it on Substack Notes as well as on Instagram, which posted it to Facebook in a way open to the public. The video went modestly viral (as in 600+ views on Facebook)… and of course, it drew many comments.

Meme created by author on imgflip, recreating an older meme I couldn’t find.

I am aware of the perils of open social-media comments sections, and as I read I was reminded of the attached meme. There were several heartwarming messages of support from both sides of the border, and at least as many juvenile trollish comments from Trump supporters – including many Canadian Trump supporters (a point that will be quite relevant to what follows). But I knew the Trump supporters were out there. The commenters who saddened me this time were other Canadians.

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How to actually decentre whiteness

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It has become common in Social Justice circles to talk about “decentring whiteness”, for example in this book or this article. I think decentring whiteness is a great idea – but too many interventions done in its name serve to do the exact opposite.

First consider the term “people of colour”. The most common argument made for using this term instead of “non-white” is that “non-white” defines that “non-white” “necessarily defines people by a negative”, as Rachelle Hampton proclaims in Slate – it defines people by what they are not. That’s true, of course. But so does “people of colour”! It just hides that negation behind a silly prettified euphemism. The category named by “people of colour” is exactly the same as that named by “non-white” – namely, of course, people who are not white. The only thing that makes “people of colour” “people of colour” is that negation, that fact of not being white. It defines people by a negative that it tries to hide. By hiding the way it centres, it makes it that much harder to actually decentre whiteness.

Just like “non-white”, the term “people of colour” makes everything about whiteness by presuming the most fundamental distinction is the one between white people and everybody else. But “people of colour” goes a step further toward centring whiteness, because it reifies non-whiteness: it pretends that non-whiteness is a thing, rather than the negation of a thing. By not admitting that it is a merely negative term, it makes the world’s seven billion non-white people appear to all have something in common more than that bare negative fact of not being among its one billion white people. In that assertion of commonness, it centres whiteness far more: it implies that the fact of being non-white is a something rather than a negation, even though a negation is all it actually is. It focuses our attention on non-whiteness more than it needs to be. It leads to situations like the colleague of mine who, ten years ago, asked me “Don’t you feel a special solidarity with black people?” and couldn’t accept it when I responded “No more than a white person would”: this white person just could not handle the idea that there were more important distinctions than the one between white-like-her and not-white-like-her.

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Habermas and a road not taken

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Jürgen Habermas during a discussion in the Munich School of Philosophy. Photo by Wolfram Huke, CC-BY-SA 3.0 licence.

It’s not often that a philosopher makes the top entry of Wikipedia’s “In the news” page – I don’t recall that ever happening before – but that happened last week with the death of Jürgen Habermas. I think that status is well earned. Habermas was one of the few philosophers to earn respect from both the analytic and “continental” sides of the philosophical tradition, engaging in reciprocated debate with both John Rawls and Jacques Derrida. We might even say that his death marks the end of the great era of German philosophy, an era that begins with Immanuel Kant – for while through his early life there were other major German figures leaving an impact on philosophy, he was really the last remaining German philosopher to have made such a significant mark. I think the only later philosopher of arguably comparable stature who is carrying on the German philosophical tradition is Slavoj Žižek – who is not himself German but Slovenian.

There are plenty of obituaries appropriately reviewing Habermas’s overall contributions. But for me personally, Habermas’s death brings me back to an earlier time of my life, and makes me think of roads not taken.

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Canada’s anti-American anger is no small matter

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Last time I was in Canada, I went into a café and saw an item on the menu I’d never seen before: a “Canadiano”. The barista helpfully explained that this was just an Americano. But it was striking to me that Canadians had just come up with their own version of freedom fries – and specifically out of anti-Americanism.

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The ancient Greeks were neither straight nor white

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A few years ago, at the height of the Social Justice movement, I saw some people attempt a self-improvement project: go a year without reading any books by straight cis white men. I had significant misgivings about that project: I’m not crazy about any project that one can succeed at by reading less. (After all, the majority of Americans would succeed in that project effortlessly, simply by virtue of reading no books at all.)

But I want to leave that critique aside here because of a different, and also important, response: if you were going to undertake that project, you could still read the ancient Greeks!

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“In praise of negativity”: Now

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I appreciate looking back on my 19-year-old self’s piece in praise of negativity because it highlights most the ways my views have changed since then. It’s not that I assess that specific situation differently: the Vector Marketing (Cutco) approach of getting desperate youth to sell knives to their families is an exploitative business model; working that job was bad and I don’t miss it one bit. But what’s in question is the lessons we draw from that situation.

Yes, we should be clear-eyed enough about the badness of our situations that we have an eye to changing them where possible. But what I didn’t realize then is the lesson of the Serenity Prayer: we also have to accept, and even be positive about, the bad things we cannot change. If we don’t do that – if we decide to see every 50% cup as half-empty – then we are undercutting our own goals.

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In praise of negativity: Then

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This post and the next one will form a “then and now” comparison series. I wrote this present post in the summer of 1995, at age nineteen, in the hope of publishing it on the Facts & Arguments op-ed page of the Globe & Mail. The Globe did not decide to publish the piece, but I remained fond of it for a long time. I still think it is a good piece, but I no longer stand by its claims – and I publish it here now, over thirty years later, for exactly that reason. The question it addresses, of positive and negative attitude, may well be the one on which my views have changed the most in the second half of my life to date – starting when I found Buddhism a few short years after this piece was written. Next time I will publish my current views on the same subject, with what I might hope is the wisdom of the years.

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The paradox of free speech

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Freedom of speech and expression is essential to a good society, to protect both the search for truth and self-expression. The problem is that protecting freedom of expression is harder than it looks – because some speech interferes with other speech.

John Stuart and Harriet Taylor Mill get this point clearly enough that they are worth quoting in full:

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Freedom of speech was never just about government

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We need free speech both to search for truth, and to express ourselves. When free speech is silenced, it interferes with both of those core human goals.

And it therefore needs to be said loud and clear: silencing speech is a problem no matter who is doing the silencing.

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