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Love of All Wisdom

~ Philosophy through multiple traditions

Love of All Wisdom

Category Archives: Western Thought

Answering objections to transracialism

14 Sunday Dec 2025

Posted by Sandhya Lele in Biology, Politics

≈ 2 Comments

Tags

Caitlyn Jenner, gender, identity, Michael Jackson, Nell Irvin Painter, race, Rachel Dolezal, Rebecca Tuvel, Sally Haslanger, Tamara Winfrey Harris

There are some reasonable objections one can make to transracialism. The trick is that those objections usually also work as objections against transgender. I think that’s why the reaction against Rebecca Tuvel’s article was so vehement: it forces us in the trans movement to think about hard questions we’d rather not think about. But we need to think about them, if we’re going to have a chance of defending transgender identity in an era backlashing against it. I think a healthy defence of transgender should also be a defence of transracialism.

The first and perhaps most important such objection is that there are plenty of other categories in which few if any would reasonably accept self-identification as the criterion for identity. Identifying as otherkin doesn’t mean you’re actually a wolf. I don’t think anybody wants to say that someone who has lived for only thirty years should be able to access retirement benefits without a tax penalty, just by identifying as a 70-year-old. Why would we treat race, or gender, differently from age or species?

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For transracialism

07 Sunday Dec 2025

Posted by Sandhya Lele in Analytic Tradition, Logic, Politics

≈ 3 Comments

Tags

Caitlyn Jenner, expressive individualism, gender, Ibram X. Kendi, identity, John Stuart Mill, race, Rachel Dolezal, Rebecca Tuvel

The bullying campaign to cancel Rebecca Tuvel’s defence of transracialism was shoddy and shameful. There was no merit in it at all. Whether or not you think Tuvel’s argument for transracialism succeeds, that part seems to me pretty obvious. But it does raise the next question, to which the answers are less obvious: does Tuvel’s argument work? Does the logic of accepting transgender identity imply accepting transracial identity?

You could not have got me to answer that question (in public) back in 2017, while Tuvel was still being actively persecuted. For a while, that bullying campaign and others like it successfully achieved their goal of terror: they succeeded in getting me, and others like me, to silence our dissenting views out of fear of the consequences that were so regularly experienced by others.

But the climate has changed a lot since then, in ways that make it still harder to speak on some issues (like Israel and Palestine), but easier to speak on this one. So I am going to take a risk now, stick my head up, bite the bullet, and answer the question: yes!

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Self-proclaimed philosophers should have known better

30 Sunday Nov 2025

Posted by Sandhya Lele in Analytic Tradition, Fear, Judaism, Metaphilosophy, Politics

≈ 4 Comments

Tags

academia, Charles Mills, gender, identity, race, Rebecca Tuvel, Socrates

A couple years ago I wrote a post arguing that we should not be defined by biological categories. I stand by that post today. It focused on transgender (and did so before I came out as gender-fluid myself), but it also mentioned race: “I view the struggle for racial equality in the light of this ideal as well, as Prince Ea does: skin colour or related phenotypical characteristics should not define who we really are.”

Anyone who read that post could have come up with the reasonable question: well then, must you not also believe that we should allow transracialism alongside transgender? That people should be allowed to define their own race just as they define their own gender?

Rebecca Tuvel, from her faculty page at Rhodes College.

At the time I wrote the first post I would have refused to answer that question – for reasons that came down, in a word, to fear. I saw what happened to Rebecca Tuvel, who defended the idea of transracialism in a philosophy journal (Hypatia, the leading journal of feminist philosophy). After a smear campaign on Facebook and Twitter where Tuvel was accused of doing “violence”, more than 800 people signed an open letter demanding that the journal retract the article and publicly proclaim that publishing it was a “failure of judgement”. An associate editor immediately published an apology for publishing the article, followed by a spate of resignations that ultimately took the journal’s entire editorial staff.

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When to judge your thoughts

23 Sunday Nov 2025

Posted by Amod Lele in Emotion, Mahāyāna, Meditation, Mindfulness, Modernized Buddhism, Psychology

≈ 2 Comments

Tags

Andy Puddicombe, Headspace, John Dunne, phenomenology

Modern mindfulness tends to urge us to stay in the present moment, learn to avoid getting distracted by wandering thoughts. A friend recently raised a thoughtful critique of this approach: aren’t there times when we want, even need, our thoughts to wander?

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Nondual mindfulness in Teresa of Ávila

16 Sunday Nov 2025

Posted by Amod Lele in Consciousness, Deity, Mahāyāna, Meditation, Mindfulness, Prayer, Psychology, Roman Catholicism

≈ 6 Comments

Tags

Andy Puddicombe, Brook Ziporyn, Headspace, John Dunne, mystical experience, nondualism, phenomenology, Śāntideva, Satan, Spain, Teresa of Ávila, Tiantai 天台, Zhiyi

Portrait of Teresa of Ávila by Juan de la Miseria, her contemporary.

The autobiography of (Saint) Teresa of Ávila is a most remarkable book. Its beginning sections on Teresa’s early life feel at once relatable (she recalls her youthful interest in making herself pretty) and utterly alien: she and her brother admired the Christian martyrs so much that in childhood they “agreed to go off to the land of the Moors and beg them, out of love of God, to cut off our heads there”, and felt very disappointed that they could not find a way to do this. (Section 1.4, page 3 of the Kavanaugh-Rodriguez translation) The later sections are the more famous ones, depicting Teresa’s vivid visions of angels.

In the middle, though, the book takes an unexpected detour – nearly a hundred pages – providing instructions for prayer. I don’t believe in Teresa’s God, let alone pray to him, which made it very tempting to skip these chapters. I’m very glad I didn’t, though, because I found important things in them that I recognized as a Buddhist.

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Mindform Podcast interview

12 Wednesday Nov 2025

Posted by Amod Lele in Anger, Attachment and Craving, Confucianism, Early and Theravāda, Emotion, External Goods, Flourishing, Foundations of Ethics, Human Nature, Mahāyāna, Meditation, Metaphysics, Mindfulness, Morality, Natural Science, Pleasure, Politics, Psychology, Self

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Alex O'Connor, Aristotle, authenticity, autobiography, Charles Goodman, conventional/ultimate, expressive individualism, Frank Lawton, Friedrich Nietzsche, interview, Jeremy Bentham, Kāma Sūtra, Madhyamaka, phenomenology, Śāntideva, Thailand, utilitarianism, virtue ethics

I was interviewed by Frank Lawton on a recent episode of the Mindform Podcast on self-development and wisdom, associated with Ryan A. Bush’s Designing the Mind. We begin with my formative story in Thailand and the anti-politics associated with it, proceeding to a critique of utilitarianism, a discussion of my gradual movement from Theravāda to Mahāyāna Buddhism, and finally to an exploration of expressive individualism. All told, I think it’s a very nicely rounded introduction to my philosophical thinking – even if my growing hair is in its awkward phase and I stammer a little too much!

Ambedkar and the Nation of Islam as skillful means

09 Sunday Nov 2025

Posted by Amod Lele in Hermeneutics, Islam, Method and Theory in the Study of Religion, Modernized Buddhism, Politics, Rites

≈ 5 Comments

Tags

20th century, B.R. Ambedkar, caste, Elijah Muhammad, Four Noble Truths, identity, Maharashtra, Malcolm X, Nation of Islam, race, United States, upāyakauśalya, W.D. Fard Muhammad

It’s hard for me to view B.R. Ambedkar as a real Buddhist, when he threw out the Four Noble Truths after getting to Buddhism by a mere process of elimination. But then, to a real Buddhist, it shouldn’t matter – at least it shouldn’t matter much – whether you are a “real Buddhist”! Buddhism has no more essence, no more svabhāva, than anything else does. What really matters is relieving suffering. What’s more important than his status as a Buddhist is that Ambedkar’s rejection of the Four Noble Truths deeply inhibits the relief of suffering – or rather, it has the potential to. Yet things might be a bit more complicated than that.

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What is a woman?

05 Sunday Oct 2025

Posted by Sandhya Lele in Biology, Philosophy of Language, Politics

≈ 1 Comment

Tags

Amos Wollen, Beans Velocci, David Klion, gender, H.L. Mencken, identity, Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull, Madeleine Pape, Marcus Arvan, Matt Walsh, Root Gorelick

A common paraphrase of H.L. Mencken says: “For every complex question there is an answer that is clear, simple – and wrong.” These days we see how helpful that quote is, when it is applied to the question “What is a woman?”

The OED’s first definition of “woman” is “an adult female human being”. Webster says “an adult female person”. It has become a commonplace on the right, of late, to feel so very clever by defining “woman” as “adult human female” – roughly but not exactly following the dictionary definitions – and then watch others struggle to provide their own definition. UK activist Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull put up billboards proclaiming as much; director Matt Walsh even made a whole movie with this definition as its thesis. The intended point of this exercise, of course, is to say that transgender women are not really women and that presumably this should be obvious. And while I do think it can reasonably be debated whether trans women are women, this particular piece of rhetoric does far more to illustrate foolishness on the anti-trans side than the pro-trans side.

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Canadian psychedelic podcast interview

22 Monday Sep 2025

Posted by Amod Lele in Consciousness, Daoism, Deity, Early and Theravāda, Indigenous American Thought, Mahāyāna, Meditation, Metaphysics, Method and Theory in the Study of Religion, Psychology, Roman Catholicism, Self, Supernatural, Vedānta

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autobiography, Buddhaghosa, Canada, drugs, Elon Musk, interview, John Hick, MAPS, Meister Eckhart, mystical experience, nondualism, Osheen Dayal, phenomenology, religion, Roland Griffiths, Śāntideva, Teresa of Ávila, Thailand, Upaniṣads, Zhuangzi

Following up my talk on psychedelics and mysticism, Osheen Dayal of the Canadian branch of MAPS just interviewed me on the same subject for their video podcast. In the interview we talk about a wide range of subjects from my personal Buddhist story through St. Teresa’s angel to Elon Musk. Have a look!

If only Bentham had read the Kāma Sūtra

21 Sunday Sep 2025

Posted by Amod Lele in Aesthetics, Analytic Tradition, Food, Play, Pleasure, Psychology, Sex, South Asia, Zest

≈ 6 Comments

Tags

Daniel Pallies, Jeremy Bentham, Kāma Sūtra, phenomenology

Daniel Pallies, a philosophy postdoc at Lingnan University in Hong Kong, recently wrote a blog post entitled “The inexplicable appeal of spicy food”. Pallies, from his bio, indicates that one of his key interests is the question: “What makes a feeling pleasant, or unpleasant?” And so he is puzzled by a phenomenon that he and I share: we enjoy eating food high in capsaicin, even though the sensation of eating these foods is painful. He adds: “And like most people, I think that pain makes your life worse. All else being equal, your life goes worse for you to the extent that it is painful. So why do I, and lots of other people, eat spicy food?”

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